Anti-Aging

Glutathione

Also known as: L-Glutathione, GSH, Reduced Glutathione, γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine

Clinical Trials
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Key Facts: Glutathione

Category
Anti-Aging
FDA Status
Not FDA Approved
Clinical Status
GRAS Status (Generally Recognized As Safe) - Extensive Human Research
Administration
Oral, liposomal, IV, or subcutaneous
Typical Dose
500-1000 mg daily (oral or liposomal)
Frequency
1-2x daily
Duration
Ongoing supplementation or 4-12 week courses
Also Known As
L-Glutathione, GSH, Reduced Glutathione, γ-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine

Mechanism of Action

Glutathione directly neutralizes free radicals including superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, and nitric oxide. It regenerates other antioxidants like vitamins C and E. Through glutathione peroxidase enzymes, it detoxifies peroxides and lipid peroxides. The GSH/GSSG ratio (typically >100:1 in healthy cells) determines cellular redox status. Also critical for Phase II liver detoxification, binding toxins for excretion.

Research Summary

Extensive research across multiple therapeutic areas. Clinical trials show benefits for liver health, skin lightening (via melanin modulation), neurodegenerative conditions, and immune support. FDA grants GRAS status for food use. Studies on Parkinson's patients showed symptom improvement with IV administration. Liposomal forms show improved bioavailability in clinical studies.

Trial Progress:Preclinical
Pre
I
II
III
IV
FDA

Dosing Information

Human Trials·Multiple human clinical trials, GRAS status

Typical Dosing

Community experience

Common Dose

500-1000 mg daily (oral or liposomal)

Range

250-2000 mg daily depending on form

Frequency

1-2x daily

Liposomal forms show better absorption than standard oral. IV provides rapid increases but effects fade after ~2 months. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is an alternative to boost endogenous GSH production. Consider with vitamin C for enhanced recycling.

Research Dosing

Scientific studies

Multiple administration routes available

Duration

Ongoing supplementation or 4-12 week courses

Administration

Oral, liposomal, IV, or subcutaneous

Timing & Administration

Best Time to Take

Morning on empty stomach, or evening

Once or twice daily

Food Recommendation

Take on empty stomach

Why This Timing?

Absorption may be improved on empty stomach. Some prefer evening to support overnight detoxification and cellular repair processes.

Possible Side Effects

Not everyone experiences these effects. Individual responses vary based on dosage, duration, and personal factors.

  • Generally well-tolerated
  • Oral: bloating, mild cramping, gas
  • Oral: loose stools in some users
  • IV: injection site reactions
  • IV: rare cases of hepatotoxicity reported
  • IV: FDA warns of potential contamination risks with compounded forms
  • May cause flushing
  • Potential weight gain (rare)
  • Inhaled form may exacerbate asthma

References

Research This Peptide Further

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Glutathione from $56/kit

2 verified vendors, ≥99% purity, COAs included.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What does Glutathione do?

The body's master antioxidant - a tripeptide composed of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. Found in every cell at concentrations similar to glucose (5mM). Essential for detoxification, immune function, and cellular protection against oxidative stress.

How does Glutathione work?

Glutathione directly neutralizes free radicals including superoxide, hydroxyl radicals, and nitric oxide. It regenerates other antioxidants like vitamins C and E. Through glutathione peroxidase enzymes, it detoxifies peroxides and lipid peroxides. The GSH/GSSG ratio (typically >100:1 in healthy cells) determines cellular redox status. Also critical for Phase II liver detoxification, binding toxins for excretion.

Is Glutathione FDA approved?

No, Glutathione is not currently FDA approved. Current status: GRAS Status (Generally Recognized As Safe) - Extensive Human Research

What are the side effects of Glutathione?

Reported side effects include: Generally well-tolerated, Oral: bloating, mild cramping, gas, Oral: loose stools in some users, IV: injection site reactions, IV: rare cases of hepatotoxicity reported. Individual responses vary based on dosage, duration, and personal health factors.

What is the typical dose of Glutathione?

Community-reported common dose: 500-1000 mg daily (oral or liposomal) (1-2x daily). Range: 250-2000 mg daily depending on form. Administration: Oral, liposomal, IV, or subcutaneous. Community-reported doses. Not medical advice. Consult healthcare provider.

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