Comparison

MOTS-c vs SS-31

Comprehensive side-by-side comparison of mechanisms, dosing, side effects, and research

MOTS-c

Also: Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA type-c

Preclinical

A mitochondria-derived peptide that regulates metabolic homeostasis. Discovered in 2015, it's being studied for its effects on insulin sensitivity, exercise capacity, and aging.

HormonalAnimal Studies
SS-31

Also: Elamipretide, Bendavia

Clinical Trials

A mitochondria-targeted peptide that improves cellular energy production. Being developed for heart failure and mitochondrial diseases.

Anti-AgingHuman Trials

Key Comparison Insights

  • MOTS-c is categorized as Hormonal, while SS-31 is Anti-Aging.
  • SS-31 has stronger research evidence (Human Trials) compared to MOTS-c (Animal Studies).

Detailed Comparison

AttributeMOTS-cSS-31
CategoryHormonalAnti-Aging
FDA StatusNot FDA ApprovedNot FDA Approved
Clinical Status
Pre
I
II
III
IV
FDA
Pre
I
II
III
IV
FDA
Mechanism of ActionMOTS-c is encoded by mitochondrial DNA and acts as a mitokine, communicating mitochondrial status to the rest of the body. It activates AMPK, improves glucose uptake, enhances fatty acid oxidation, and has systemic metabolic regulatory effects.SS-31 concentrates 1000-fold in mitochondria, binding to cardiolipin on the inner membrane. It optimizes electron transport chain function, reduces reactive oxygen species, and prevents cardiolipin peroxidation during cellular stress.
Common Dosing
5-10 mg weekly
1-3x weekly
10-40 mg daily
Once or twice daily
AdministrationSubcutaneous injectionSubcutaneous injection or IV infusion
Typical DurationVariable by protocolVariable by condition
Best Time to TakeMorning or pre-workoutMorning
Possible Side Effects
May vary by individual
  • Generally well-tolerated
  • Injection site reactions (persistent bumps)
  • Palpitations
  • Nausea and bloating
  • Fatigue
  • +3 more
  • Injection site reactions (very common - 80%)
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea
  • May trigger histamine release - use caution with MCAS or histamine sensitivity
  • +2 more
Research SummaryStudies show MOTS-c improves insulin sensitivity and prevents diet-induced obesity in mice. Research demonstrates enhanced exercise capacity and protection against age-related metabolic decline. Human studies are limited but promising.Phase 2/3 trials for Barth syndrome and heart failure. Studies show improved cardiac function, exercise capacity, and mitochondrial efficiency. Demonstrates benefits in ischemia-reperfusion injury models.

Frequently Asked Questions: MOTS-c vs SS-31

What is the difference between MOTS-c and SS-31?

MOTS-c is a hormonal peptide that a mitochondria-derived peptide that regulates metabolic homeostasis. discovered in 2015, it's being studied for its effects on insulin sensitivity, exercise capacity, and aging. SS-31 is a anti-aging peptide that a mitochondria-targeted peptide that improves cellular energy production. being developed for heart failure and mitochondrial diseases. The main differences lie in their mechanisms of action and clinical applications.

Which is better, MOTS-c or SS-31?

Neither is universally "better" - the choice depends on your specific goals. MOTS-c is typically used for hormonal purposes, while SS-31 is used for anti-aging. Always consult with a healthcare provider to determine which may be appropriate for your situation.

Can MOTS-c and SS-31 be used together?

Some peptide protocols combine multiple compounds for synergistic effects. However, using MOTS-c and SS-31 together should only be considered under medical supervision, as both compounds have their own side effect profiles and potential interactions. Research on their combined use may be limited.

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Educational Information Only

This comparison of MOTS-c and SS-31 is for educational purposes only. Neither this comparison nor any information on this site constitutes medical advice. Always consult with qualified healthcare providers before making decisions about peptides or other substances.