Thymosin Alpha-1
Also known as: Ta1, Zadaxin
Key Facts: Thymosin Alpha-1
- Category
- Immune
- FDA Status
- Not FDA Approved
- Clinical Status
- Approved in 35+ countries - Not FDA approved in US
- Administration
- Subcutaneous injection
- Typical Dose
- 1.6 mg twice weekly
- Frequency
- 2-3x weekly
- Evidence Level
- Human Trials
- Duration
- 6-12 months for hepatitis
What to Expect
A naturally occurring thymic peptide that enhances immune function. Approved in over 35 countries for hepatitis B/C and as an immune adjuvant.
Mechanism of Action
Thymosin Alpha-1 modulates T-cell function, enhances dendritic cell maturation, and promotes Th1 immune responses. It increases IL-2, interferon-alpha, and interferon-gamma production while reducing inflammatory cytokines.
Research Summary
Approved internationally for chronic hepatitis B and C. Studies show improved outcomes when combined with chemotherapy for cancer. Research demonstrates benefits in sepsis, immunodeficiency, and vaccine response enhancement.
Dosing Information
Typical Dosingⓘ
Community experience
1.6 mg twice weekly
0.8-3.2 mg per dose
2-3x weekly
Immune modulator. FDA-approved (as Zadaxin) in some countries. Used for immune support and chronic infections.
Research Dosingⓘ
Scientific studies
Doses from clinical practice
Doses from Studies
1.6 mg twice weekly
3.2 mg weekly
Duration
6-12 months for hepatitis
Administration
Subcutaneous injection
Timing & Administration
Best Time to Take
Morning
2-3 times per week
Food Recommendation
With or without food
Why This Timing?
Thymosin Alpha-1 modulates immune function. Morning dosing aligns with natural immune rhythm.
Possible Side Effects
Not everyone experiences these effects. Individual responses vary based on dosage, duration, and personal factors.
- ●Very favorable safety profile
- ●Injection site reactions (most common)
- ●Mild fatigue
- ●Headache
- ●Rare allergic reactions
- ●Contraindicated in immunosuppressed transplant patients
- ●Approved in multiple countries
References
Related Peptides
Peptides commonly compared with Thymosin Alpha-1 or used in similar applications.
LL-37
Clinical TrialsA naturally occurring antimicrobial peptide and the only human cathelicidin. Part of the innate immune system with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.
ImmuneThymalin
Clinical TrialsA thymic peptide complex used in Russia for immune enhancement and anti-aging. Part of Professor Khavinson's bioregulator peptide research.
BioregulatorsKPV
PreclinicalA tripeptide derived from alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). Known for potent anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in the gut.
ImmuneVIP
Clinical TrialsA naturally occurring peptide with immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Being studied for ARDS, pulmonary hypertension, and autoimmune conditions.
ImmuneEnfuvirtide
FDAA peptide HIV fusion inhibitor that blocks viral entry into cells. First approved drug in the fusion inhibitor class.
ImmuneTB-500
Clinical TrialsA synthetic 17-amino acid fragment of Thymosin Beta-4 (TB-4). NOT the same as TB-4 - TB-500 has a longer half-life (~2-4 days vs ~2 hours) and is the active region responsible for tissue repair and cell migration. Note: Many vendors mislabel TB-4 as 'TB-500' in premixed products.
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Educational Information Only
This information is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with qualified healthcare providers before making any decisions about peptides or other substances. The protocols listed reflect doses observed in research studies, not recommendations.