Comparison

Thymosin Alpha-1 vs LL-37

Comprehensive side-by-side comparison of mechanisms, dosing, side effects, and research

Thymosin Alpha-1

Also: Ta1, Zadaxin

Clinical Trials

A naturally occurring thymic peptide that enhances immune function. Approved in over 35 countries for hepatitis B/C and as an immune adjuvant.

ImmuneHuman Trials
LL-37

Also: Cathelicidin, CAP18

Clinical Trials

A naturally occurring antimicrobial peptide and the only human cathelicidin. Part of the innate immune system with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.

ImmuneHuman Trials

Key Comparison Insights

  • Both peptides belong to the Immune category, suggesting similar primary applications.

Detailed Comparison

AttributeThymosin Alpha-1LL-37
CategoryImmuneImmune
FDA StatusNot FDA ApprovedNot FDA Approved
Clinical Status
Pre
I
II
III
IV
FDA
Pre
I
II
III
IV
FDA
Mechanism of ActionThymosin Alpha-1 modulates T-cell function, enhances dendritic cell maturation, and promotes Th1 immune responses. It increases IL-2, interferon-alpha, and interferon-gamma production while reducing inflammatory cytokines.LL-37 directly kills bacteria, fungi, and some viruses by disrupting their cell membranes. It also modulates the immune response, promotes wound healing, reduces inflammation, and has anti-biofilm activity against bacterial infections.
Common Dosing
1.6 mg twice weekly
2-3x weekly
100-200 mcg daily
Once daily
AdministrationSubcutaneous injectionSubcutaneous injection or topical
Typical Duration6-12 months for hepatitisVariable by protocol
Best Time to TakeMorningMorning
Possible Side Effects
May vary by individual
  • Very favorable safety profile
  • Injection site reactions (most common)
  • Mild fatigue
  • Headache
  • Rare allergic reactions
  • +2 more
  • Injection site reactions (common)
  • Skin toxicity (ulcers, burning)
  • Allergic reactions
  • May trigger histamine release - use caution with MCAS or histamine sensitivity
  • May contribute to autoimmune conditions
  • +2 more
Research SummaryApproved internationally for chronic hepatitis B and C. Studies show improved outcomes when combined with chemotherapy for cancer. Research demonstrates benefits in sepsis, immunodeficiency, and vaccine response enhancement.Research demonstrates broad antimicrobial activity including against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Studies show wound healing benefits, anti-biofilm effects, and immune modulation. Being investigated for chronic infections and wound healing applications.

Frequently Asked Questions: Thymosin Alpha-1 vs LL-37

What is the difference between Thymosin Alpha-1 and LL-37?

Thymosin Alpha-1 is a immune peptide that a naturally occurring thymic peptide that enhances immune function. approved in over 35 countries for hepatitis b/c and as an immune adjuvant. LL-37 is a immune peptide that a naturally occurring antimicrobial peptide and the only human cathelicidin. part of the innate immune system with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The main differences lie in their mechanisms of action and clinical applications.

Which is better, Thymosin Alpha-1 or LL-37?

Neither is universally "better" - the choice depends on your specific goals. Thymosin Alpha-1 is typically used for immune purposes, while LL-37 is used for immune. Always consult with a healthcare provider to determine which may be appropriate for your situation.

Can Thymosin Alpha-1 and LL-37 be used together?

Some peptide protocols combine multiple compounds for synergistic effects. However, using Thymosin Alpha-1 and LL-37 together should only be considered under medical supervision, as both compounds have their own side effect profiles and potential interactions. Research on their combined use may be limited.

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Educational Information Only

This comparison of Thymosin Alpha-1 and LL-37 is for educational purposes only. Neither this comparison nor any information on this site constitutes medical advice. Always consult with qualified healthcare providers before making decisions about peptides or other substances.